Connecting rod and piston testing and aligning device



Dec. 17, 1935. I E. A. ARP 2,025,008

CONNECTING ROD AND PISTON TESTING AND ALIGNING DEVICE Filed Nov. 2, 1932 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 ttor'negs.

E. A. ARP

Dec. 17, 1935.

CONNECTING ROD AND PISTON TESTING AND ALIGNING DEVICE Filed Nov. 2, 1932 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Inventor: Ewald If KI- tornegs.

E. A. ARP

Dec. 17, 11935..

CONNECTING ROD AND PISTON TESTING AND ALIGNING DEVICE Filed Nov. 2, 1932 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 s H w 9 9 W S e A n 4 a n w 0 J H 5 mm 7 w 0 IM WK k o w 9/ n Efi/ E W M] m E m B Q 2 a m 6 ii m m 6 m 8 J 4 d Y k E. A. ARP

Dec. 17, 1935.

CONNECTING RdD AND PISTON TESTING AND ALIGNING DEVICE 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed NOV. 2, 1932 r 0 t n e v n I ///////7/Wfl r K m a W E Patented Dec. 17, 1935 UNITED STATES CONNECTING ROD AND PISTON TESTING AND ALIGNING DEVICE Ewald A. An), Minneapolis, Minn, assignor to Storm Manufacturing 00., Inc., Minneapolis,

Minn.

Application November 2, 1932, Serial No. 640.753

18 Claims.

This invention relates to a connecting rod and piston testing and aligning device adapted for use to readily and dependably check the accuracy and parallelism of connecting rod bearings and their perpendicularity to pistons.

An object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved device of the present character which will be adapted to check the accuracy and parallelism of the bearings of an engine connecting rod either when attached to or removed from a piston.

A further object is to provide a connecting rod testing device which will include mechanism of novel and improved construction for accurately checking an engine connecting red as to both bend and twist thereof.

A further object is to provide a connecting rod testing device for checking both bend and twist of a rod by operations performed directly upon a rod and the Wrist pin thereof wholly independently of a piston in which said wrist pin is, or may be, mounted.

A still further object is to provide a connecting rod and piston testing and aligning device which will include novel and improved mechanism adapted to operate upon a connecting rod independently of a piston to check said rod for both bend and twist, and will also include novel and improved mechanism adapted to operate upon a piston to which said rod is attached to check the perpendicularity of said rod to said piston.

And a still further object is to provide a device of the present character wherein will be incorporated improved features and characteristics of construction, novel both as individual entities of said device and in combination.

With the above objects in view, as Well as others which will appear as the specification proceeds, the invention comprises the construction, arrangement and combination of parts as now to be fully described and as hereinafter to be specifically claimed, it being understood that the disclosure herein is merely illustrative and intended in no Way in a limiting sense, changes in details of construction and arrangement of parts being permissible so long as Within the spirit of the invention and the scope of the claims which follow.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification,

Fig. l is a plan View of a device in which the features and characteristics of the invention are incorporated;

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the device, taken substantially on line 22 in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is an elevational view of the device showing parts thereof in vertical section;

Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view detailing features of the device, taken substantially as on line !4 in Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a horizontal sectional view, taken substantially as on line 5-5 in Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is an enlarged horizontal sectional view, taken substantially on line 6-5 in Fig. 3;

Fig. '7 is an enlargedhorizontal sectional view 5 taken substantially as on line 1-1 in Fig. 2;

Fig. 8 is an enlarged, fragmentary vertical sectional view, taken substantially as on line 8-8 in Fig. 2;

Fig. 9 is a detail sectional view, taken substan- 1O tially as on line 99 in Fig. 7;

Fig. 10 is a detail sectional View, taken substantially as on line lfll 0 in Fig. '7; and

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary view, partially in elevation, partially in section and partially broken away, detailing the contact elements of the device and the manner of mounting said contact elements.

With respect to the drawings and the numerals of reference thereon, [5 represents the base of 20 the device which may rest upon or against a surface, and I6 designates apertured ears on said base for attaching the base to said surface. The base I5 is of general hollow, rectilinear conformation as disclosed, including an upstanding cylindrical portion H at one end thereof with which the hollowed out portion [8 of said base is in communication. The upstanding cylindrical portion ll of the base l5 slidably receives a vertical hollow post or standard H! which is held against movement in said upstanding cylindrical portion by means of a locking screw 20 set into the portion I1 and engaging the post or standard I9, as best shown in Figs. '7 and 8.

The post or standard I9 adjustably supports a vertically slidable sleeve bracket 2| which is adapted to be locked at adjusted elevation upon said post or standard by means of a key 22 adapted to engage in a longitudinal key slot 23 in the post orstandard. As disclosed, the key slot 23 is of V-shape, as is also the key 22, and said key is integral with a locking bar 24 and at the midlength thereof. The locking bar 24 includes rightangle ears at its opposite ends slotted to receive small screws 25 for slidably attaching the locking bar to the sleeve bracket 2!, and said sleeve bracket is tapped to receive a winged locking screw 28 adapted to be turned home against the rear surface of the locking bar 24 at the location of the key 22 to force, said key into the key slot 23, to thus lock the slidable sleeve to the vertical post or standard. The sleeve bracket 2! is locked to the post or standard I9 against both turning and longitudinal movement to situate a forward wall 21 of said sleeve bracket in a vertical plane which extends transversely with relation to the base l5.

The vertical wall 21 of the sleeve bracket 2| slidably carries a pair of connecting rod supports, denoted 28 and 29, respectively, which connecting rod supports are adjustable in a horizontal plane 50 I portion, as represented at 41, the V-shape poralong said vertical wall 21, toward and from each other. As disclosed, an upper portion of the wall 21 includes a horizontal slot or grove of V shape extending from side to side of said wall, and each connecting rod support 28 and 29 includes an overhanging wall 3| with downwardly extending V-flange 32 slidably fitted to the V- shape groove 30. A lower portion of the vertical Wall 21 includes a horizontal, forwardly projecting ledge or shelf 33 with smooth front face against which a rearward, lower portion of a vertical wall 34 of each connecting rod support slidably engages, as best shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the arrangement being such as to cause each connecting rod support 28 and 29 to be positioned with an upper wall 35 thereof in a horizontal plane and directly above the base I5, closer to or farther from the transverse center of said base, depending upon the positions to which said connecting rod supports may be adjusted along the forward wall of thesleeve bracket 2|. Said upper wall of each connecting rod support 28 and 25 provides a ledge 36 at the outer, under side of each said wall 35. Means for fastening each connecting rod support at adjusted position along the wall 21 consists, as disclosed, of a look I ing plate 31, one for each support, adapted to be yieldingly forced up against the under surface of a forward, upper shoulder 38 of said vertical wall 21, each locking plate 31 being carried by a rod or wire 39 attached to an intermediate portion of the locking plate and fixed upon an axis or pivot pin 40 (see Fig. 6) disposed horizontally in the vertical wall 3 3 of the corresponding connecting rod support. Each pivot pin 49 is held in its support by a retaining screw 4|, and clearance 42 is provided for passage of each rod or wire 35 through the corresponding vertical wall 34. Each rod or wire 39 extends'for a considerable distance from its pivot pin 49' at the side of said pivot pin opposite the corresponding looking plate 3%, as indicated at 43, and the portion "13 of each rod or wire 39 is adapted to be fitted beneath the corresponding ledge 36 to thus yieldingly urge the corresponding locking plate 31 up against'the under surface of the shoulder 38 and clamp the connecting rod support against sliding movement relatively to the sleeve bracket 2|, as will be understood. To release the connecting rod supports in order that they may be slid along the sleeve bracket, the portions 43 of the rods or wires 39 are released from beneath the ledges 36, to thus remove the upward tension from the locking plates 31.

Each connecting rod support 28 and 29 includes an integral, or otherwise attached, vertically disposed, upwardly extending wrist pin engaging element, denoted 44 and 45, respectively, each of which wrist pin engaging elements is of reduced or'knife edge thickness at its upper portion, as

' indicated at 45. The reduced or knife edge portions 45 of the wrist pin engaging elements 44 and 45 are disposed parallelly to each other, as will be clear from the drawings, and, as disclosed, each portion 45 is cut to Vshape at its upper tions 41 lying directly opposite each other in a horizontal plane and along a vertical plane which extends transversely of the base I5. As will be more clear from Figs. 2, 3 and i, the V-shape portions 41 of the connecting rod supports provide reduced or knife edge receiving elements for the wrist pin, indicated at 48, of a connecting rod 49, said V-shape portions 41 engaging about the lower portion of said wrist pin, between the wrist pin, to thus suspend saidconnecting rod 49 in a vertical plane between and parallel with the reduced or knife edge portions 46, provided said connecting rod and its wrist pin bearing are in proper, perpendicular relation to each other. A purpose of providing for adjustment of the connecting rod supports 28 and 29 toward and from each other along the vertical wall 21 is obviously to position the V-shape portions 41 of the connecting rod supports in properly spaced relation to be fitted upon a wrist pin, such as 48, at the opposite ends of a wrist pin bearing, such as 50, of varying length, and between the wrist pin bearing and the hubs, such as 5|, of a piston, such as 52, mounted upon said-wrist pin. A further purpose of providing for adjustment of the connecting rod supports along the vertical wall 21 is to cause the main bearing 53 of a connecting rod, such as 49, suspended from said supports to be disposed in the most advantageous position above the base l5, desirably at or adjacent to a vertical plane passing longitudinally through the transverse center of said base, for accurate checking of the parallelism of the main and wrist pin bearings of said connecting rod, in the manner to be fully explained.

The upstanding cylindrical portion I1 upon the base l5 integrally supports an annular, horizontally disposed member 54, which member is hollow, as indicated at 55, and is desirably located in a vertical plane extending transversely of the base l5. The outer end of the member 54 provides a surface lying in a vertical plane parallel to a vertical plane extending longitudinally of said base 15, and said mentioned surface is provided with a ball raceway 56.

A hollow arm 51, which is as disclosed of general tapered configuration, has one end thereof rotatably attached to the hollow member 54, and said arm 51 extends from said member 54 toward a suspended connecting rod 49, in a vertical plane disposed parallel to a vertical plane passing longitudinally through the base l5. Obviously, the arm 51 is mounted for vertical swinging movement. As disclosed, the chamber 55 of the member 54 contains a coil spring 58 one end of which rests upon the base of said chamber, constituted by the wall of the cylindrical portion I 1, and the other end portion 59 of which extends through the adjacent end portion of the arm 51.

. Said, arm 51 includes a lug 60 at its end against which the portion 59 of the coil spring 58 rests, and the outer end of said portion 59 passes through a slot 5| in the outer wall of the arm 51 and includes a hook 62 engaged against the outer surface ofsaid wall. The arm 51 includes a ball raceway 63 which is arranged opposite the ball raceway 56, and ball bearings 64 are disposed in said raceways 56 and 63, as more clearly shown in Figs. 7 and 8. The coil spring 58 is attached to the cylindrical wall I1 and at the base of the chamber 55 by a small screw 65. Evidently, the coil spring 59 effectively and resiliently holds the arm 51 to the member 54. The arrangement is such that when the arm 51 is rotated from an upper to a lower position, the lug 60 acts upon the coil spring to wind up its coil. Thus, said coil I be remarked that the hook 62 is desirably situated axially of the bearing for the arm 51.

The end of the hollow arm 51 which is opposite its bearing just described, integrally, or otherwise, supports a horizontal contact element carrying member 66 disposed perpendicularly to said hollow arm 5! and extending transversely of the base I9, as best shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 7 and 10, above said base. Said member 66 includes longitudinal slots, represented 61 and 68, respectively, arranged at apart, the slot 61 desirably being positioned in the upper surface of said member, and the slot 68 as disclosed being arranged at the side of the member adjacent the cylindrical portion I'I. As shown, the member 66 is circular in cross-section, but could be of other configuration.

The slot 61 has therein a contact element or blade 69 which is pivotally supported at its midlength, as denoted at 19, in said slot in spaced relation to the base thereof. The slot 68 has therein a contact element or blade H which is also pivotally supported at its midlength, as denoted at 12, in said slot in spaced relation to the base thereof.

An end portion, denoted I3 and 14, respectively, of each of the contact elements or blades 69 and il is of reduced dimension and extends to position adjacent the concavity 15 of the arm 51 at the outer end of said concavity. The member 66 is cut away as at 16 adjacent the concavity I5.

A triangularly shaped piece or member 18 is pivotally mounted at one of its corners or apices upon a horizontal pin 19 parallel to the pin 19 and suitably arranged in the upper wall ofthe hollow arm 51, as more clearly disclosed in Figs. 9 and 10. The piece or member I8 includes a knife edge 89 at a corner or apex thereof adjacent the pin 19 which is engaged by the end portion 13 of the contact element or blade 69. The third corner or apex of said triangular piece includes a knife edge 9i adjacent the pin 19 and the knife edge 99 fora purpose to be described.

A triangularly shaped piece or member 82 is pivotally mounted at one of its corners or apices upon a vertical pin 83 parallel with the pin 12 and suitably carried by pegs 84 fixed in the upper and lower walls of the hollow arm 51, as more clearly disclosed in Figs. '7 and 9. The piece or member 82 includes a knife edge 85 at a corner or apex thereof adjacent the pin 83 which is engaged by the end portion I4 of the contact element or blade H. The third corner or apex of said triangular piece 82 includes a knife edge 99 adjacent the pin '83 and the knife edge 85 also for a purpose to be described.

An intermediate operating lever of the device, designated 91, is mounted in the concavity I5 of the arm 91 upon a vertical pin 88 suitably carried by pegs 89 also fixed in the upper and lower walls of said arm 5?, Said lever 81 includes a shorter leg 99 situated adjacent the triangularly shaped pieces or members 18 and 82, and a longer leg 9i which extends into the end portion of the concavity 15 adjacent the horizontal hollow member 54.

The shorter leg 99 of the lever 87 is split or bifurcated at its free end, to provide spaced, parallel, vertically disposed ears 92 which are tapped to receive an upper and a lower adjusting screw,

represented 93 and 99, respectively, engaged by the knife edges 9! and 86, respectively. The adjusting screws 93 and 94 are horizontally disposed. The lever 81 is composed of resilient material, and the cars 92 are sprung toward each other before the screws 93 and 94 are inserted in the tapped openings. Thus the screws are frictionally grasped to be held against accidental turning movement in said ears 92, as will be understood.

A horizontal operating rod 95 of the device is mounted adjacent its midlength, as at 9B, in an opening through the cylindrical member I1 and. adjacent its outer end, as at 91, in an opening through the wall of the arm 51 which is adjacent said cylindrical member ll, to be longitudinally slidable. The vertical post or standard I9 is cut away, as at 98, to afford clearance for said horizontally slidable rod 95. The outer end of the operating rod 95 engages against the adjacent surface of the leg 9! of the lever 81 at location close to the free end of said leg 9|.

A second intermediate operating lever of the device, represented 99, is mounted in the hollow post or standard l9, said lever being soldered or otherwise attached at or adjacent its midlength to a horizontal pin E99 suitably mounted in bearings lIlI carried by opposite portions of the wall of said post or standard. Said lever 99 includes an upper leg I92 with which the adjacent end of the horizontal rod 95 engages, and a lower leg I93 which has a knife edge I94 at or adjacent its lower portion and arranged at the side of said lower leg adjacent the rod 95, said knife edge I99 being for a purpose to be made clear.

The hollow post or standard i9 includes a bottom extension providing an upper and a lower horizontal web, denoted I95 and I96, respectively, which webs suitably and rotatably carry a vertical pin I9! desirably arranged axially of the cylindrical portion I1 and at the side of the lower leg I93 of the lever 99 adjacent a connecting rod to be tested. It will be noted that the rod 95 extends radially of the post or standard I9, and that the upper leg I92 of the lever 99 is offset to engage said rod, the lower leg 99 of said lever 99 being disposed toward the side of said post or standard I9 which is opposite the connecting rod and the mechanism of the device for operating upon said connecting rod.

The vertical pin I9! fixedly carries a pointer arm I98 which is horizontally disposed in the hollowed out portion I9 of the base 15. As disclosed, said pointer arm I99 passes through the rotatable pin I91, and includes a relatively short leg E99 at the side of said pin l9! adjacent the leg I93 of the lever 91, just below said leg I93. The pointer arm E99 also includes a relatively long leg I [9 which extends through a horizontal slot IH in the end portion of the base !5 which is opposite the cylindrical portion i1, and the outer end of said long leg H9 includes an angularly disposed, upturned pointer H2 arranged to travel over and above a calibrated surface H3 upon said end portion of the base 55 spaced from said cylindrical portion. In the practical operation of the device the calibrated surface H3 would include zero at its-midlength, designated H4. For convenience the measurements at either side of zero can be represented plus or minus, as shown, or in any other preferred way. The surface H3 would be calibrated in practice to denote extremely small fractions of an inch, as, for example, one-thousandth of an inch, or other desired measurement.

The short leg i99 of the pointer arm I96 integrally or otherwise carries an upstanding lug or protuberance H5 which is engaged by the knife edge I94 upon the lower leg I93 of the lever 99.

A; coil spring I I5 in the hollowed out portion I 8 of the base I5 and having one of its ends III attached to a side wall of said base and its other end H8 attached to the long leg II 0 of the pointer arm I88, gives said pointer arm a bias normally resiliently holding the pointer H2 at one end of the slot III and the surface I I3, as more clearly shown in Fig. 5. Also, due to the action of said coil spring I I6, the lug or protuberance H5 is yieldingly held against the knife edge I04, to thus hold the leg I02 of the lever 99 against the rod 95, and to in turn hold said rod against the leg 9! of the lever 81, the screws 52 and 93 in the leg 98 of said lever 8! against the triangular pieces 58 and 82, respectively, and said triangular pieces against the end portions I3 and M of the contact elements or blades 69 and II, respectively, so that, normally, said contact elements or blades 69 and II are not. exactly parallel with the carrying member 86 therefor, but have their legs including the end portions 13 and I4 swung outwardly slightly and their opposite legs swung inwardly. The arrangement is such that when either contact element or blade 69 or II is positioned to be exactly parallel to thecarrying member 66, the pointer I I2 is situated at zero upon the calibrated surface II3.

It will be noted that even though the triangularly shaped pieces 18 and 82 are mounted in right-angular relation to each other, each of said pieces is so disposed that when operated upon by the corresponding contact element or blade, there will be imparted through the piece to the shorter leg as of the lever 81 a force tending to swing the longer leg .JI of said lever 81 in direction toward the horizontally slidable rod 95.

In practice, a connecting rod to be checked for bend and twist is suspended upon the J-knife edges 41 in the manner already fully described, the main bearing 53 of said connecting rod having been first disposed over the contact element carrying member 66, as in Figs. 2 and 3; To check the suspended connecting rod for bend, the hollow arm 57 is swung upwardly, as in Fig. 2, to bring the contact element or blade 69 into engagement with the internal surface of the main bearing 53. Provided there is no bend in the connecting rod being tested, the internal surface of said main bearing 53 which is engaged by said element or blade 69 will obviously be exactly horizontal to cause said element or blade 69 to be swung to exactly horizontal position, and thus exactly parallel to the horizontal carrying member 66, to in turn bring the pointer H2 to zero position. If there is bend in the connecting rod being tested, the engaged internal surface of said main bearing 53 will be away from the horizontal, in one direction or the other, to tilt the element or blade 69 in corresponding direction and like degree, the magnitude of the bend being denoted by the pointer I I2 at the plus or minus of zero, depending upon the direction of the bend. To check the suspended connecting rod for twist, said rod is swung in direction away from the post or standard I9, as shown in Fig. 3, to bring the internal surface of the main bearing 53 into engagement with the contact element or blade II. Provided there is no twist in the connecting rod being tested, the internal surface of said main bearing which is engaged by said element or blade II will lie exactly parallel to the member 65 to thus obviously cause said element or blade TI to be swung to position exactly parallel to said member 66 and bring said pointer I I2 to zero position. If there is twistin the con necting rod being tested, the engaged internal surface of said main bearing 53' will be out of parallel with the member 66, in one direction or the other, to tilt the element or blade II in corresponding direction and like degree, the magnitude of the twist being denoted by the pointer I I2 at the plus or minus side of zero, depending upon the direction of the twist.

The device is capable of very accurate adjustment by means of the screws 93 and 94, the adjustment in the instance of each contact element 01' blade 69 and II being accomplished, after one fashion, by first disposing the contact element or blade exactly parallel with the member 66, and while so holding said contact element or blade, turning the corresponding adjusting screw 93 or Q l, as the case may be, to bring the pointer H2 to the zero position II4 upon the calibrated surface II3. Other methods of adjusting the device are evidently possible.

The device could of course be so constructed that the contact elements or blades 69 and II would normally be parallel to the member 66 .and the pointer II2 as a consequence would normally be at zero, but the arrangement as illustrated and described is preferable.

It may happen that the main bearing of a connecting rod to be tested has an internal circumferential surface which is of smaller diameter at the central portion thereof and tapers outwardly from said central portion to be of larger diameter near the ends of said internal circumferential surface. In such an event, the device of the invention will be employed by testing first one and then the other of said outwardly tapering surfaces, and then comparing the tests made. That is to say, one leg of the contact element or blade ea or M will first be brought against one of the tapering surfaces of the bearing and the measurement resulting read upon the scale, say at the plus side thereof. Then the other leg of said element or blade 69 or H will be brought against the other tapering surface of said bearing and the measurement also read upon said scale, naturally at the minus side thereof. If these plus and minus measurements as made are equal in degree, the connecting rod is, obviously, accurate. If the plus and minus measurements are unequal in degree, in the case of either the test for bend or twist, the connecting rod is inaccurate, the

magnitude of the difference in degree of the measurements directly indicating the magnitude of the bend or twist, asthe case may be. In order that either leg of either contact element or blade 69 and ll can be more readily placed against a tapered surface to be checked or tested, said elements or blades 69 and II are each provided with a finger piece H9 extending beyond the free end of the carrying member 65, the finger pieces being for more ready manual manipulation of the contact elements or blades.

The device also includes means for operating upon a piston, such as 52, to which a. connecting rod, such as 49, is attached, to check the perpendicularity of the connecting rod to the piston, the checking operation upon said piston being performed while the wrist pin, such as 48, is suspending the connecting rod being tested upon the connecting rod supports 28 and 29 in the manner as illustrated and described. Said means for checking the perpendicularity of a connecting rod and piston is best disclosed in Figs. 3 and 4. As there shown, numeral I26 indicates a testing arm or plate including integral lugs I21 adjacent the opposite ends of the arm or plate and having outer flat surfaces lying in a single plane. An angularly shaped rod, which may desirably be circular in cross section, includes a leg B22 pivotally attached, as at I23, to one end of the testing arm or plate I28, and a leg I24 preferably extending at right-angles tothe leg I22, said leg I24 being situated at the same side of the arm or plate I2fi as are the lugs 22L The pivot or axis I23 includes a winged locking nut I25 for fixedly clamping the angularly shaped rod to said testing arm or plate. Each of the connecting rod supports 28 and 29 includes a horizontal socket I26 at the outer side thereof, said sockets I26 being arranged directly opposite each other, being adapted to snugly and removably receive the leg I24 of the angularly shaped rod, and desirably being disposed in a vertical plane extending diametrically through a supported piston, such as 52, .at slightly spaced relation from said piston, naturally below the same.

To check the perpendicularity of a piston, the testing arm or plate I20 is moved to position causing the lugs I2I upon said arm or plate to engage the adjacent portion of the piston wall,

near the opposite ends thereof, in a line extending longitudinally of said piston, and the leg I24 is, desirably simultaneously, inserted in the adjacent horizontal socket I26. With said lugs I2I so in engagement with the piston wall, said leg I24 is swung upon the pivot or axis I23 to its farthest inward position, as shown in Fig. 4, and the wing nut I25 is turned down to fasten the arm or plate I20 and the angularly shaped rod in fixed relation to each other. While so fastened, said arm or plate and rod are removed from the piston and the mentioned socket, and are associated, in the manner as set forth, with a diametrically opposite portion of the piston wall and with the opposite socket I26. That is to say, the leg I24 is inserted in said opposite socket I26, and the arm or plate I21! is moved toward said diametrically opposite portion of the piston While said arm or plate is arranged lengthwise of the piston. If then, when the arm or plate is moved to its closest possible relation to the piston without altering the fixed relation of said arm or plate and said rod, the outer flat surfaces of both lugs I2I nicely engage said piston, the piston is obviously perpendicularly and correctly mounted. If said lugs I2i do not then so engage the piston, said piston requires adjustment to perpendicularity, the amount and the nature of the adjustment necessary being indicated by the relation which the outer flat surfaces of the lugs bear to the piston, as will be obvious.

What I claim is:-

l. A device of the character described, comprising means for locating a connecting rod by reference to one of the bearings thereof, means pivotally mounted upon said first mentioned means adapted to be selectively brought into engagement with any desired portion of the internal surface of the other bearing of said connecting rod, and mechanism connected to said last mentioned means to be actuated thereby for indicating the degree of accuracy possessed by said connecting rod and its bearings.

2. A device of the character described, comprising means for locating a connecting rod by reference to one of its bearings, a contact element pivotally supported upon said means and adapted to be selectively brought into engagement with the internal surface of the other bearing of said connecting rod, and mechanism, including a pointer arm and a calibrated surface'relatively to which, said pointer arm is adapted to have movement, responsive to actuation of said contact element for indicating the degree of accuracy possessed by said connecting rod and its bearings. 5

3. A device of the character described, comprising means for locating a connecting rod by reference to one of its bearings, a pivotally supported member adapted to be selectively brought intov linear engagement with a portion only of the 10 internal surface of the other bearing of said connecting rod, and mechanism responsive to actuation of said pivotally supported member for indicating the degree of accuracy possessed by said connecting rod and its bearings. I

4:. A device of the character described, comprising means for locating a connecting rod by reference to one of bearings, movable means supported upon said first mentioned means adapted to be selectively brought into reference with 20 the internal surface of the other bearing of said connecting rod, and mechanism responsive to actuation of said movable means for indicating the degree of accuracy possessed by said connecting rod and its bearings, said mechanism includ- 25 ing a pointer arm and a calibrated surface relatively to which said pointer arm is adapted to have movement.

5. A device of the character described, comprising means for locating a connecting rod by'refer- 30 ence to one of its bearings, means. arranged in predetermined relation to said mentioned bearing and adapted to be selectively brought into engagement with any desired portion of the internal surface of the other bearing of said connecting rod, and mechanism actuated by said last mentioned means for indicating the degree of accuracy possessed by said connecting rod and its bearings.

6. A device of the character described, comprising means for locating a connecting rod by reference to one of its bearings, means arranged in predetermined relation to said mentioned bearing and adapted to be selectively brought into engagement with the internal surface of the other bearing of said connecting rod, and mechanism actuated by said last mentioned means for indicating the amount of any lateral bend in either direction said connecting rod may possess in the body thereof.

7. A device of the character described, comprising means for locating a connecting rod by reference to one of its bearings, means arranged in predetermined relation to said mentioned bearing and adapted to be brought into engagement with a selected portion ofthe internal surface of the other bearing of said connecting rod, and mechanism actuated by said last mentioned means for indicating the degree of any torsional twist in either direction said connecting rod may possess in the body thereof.

8. A device of the character described, comprising means for locating a connecting rod by reference to one of its bearings, a member arranged in predetermined relation to said mentioned bearing and adapted to be brought into engagement with the internal surface of the other bearing of said connecting rod, a secmd member arranged in predetermined relation to said mentioned bearing and adapted to be brought into engagement with 70,

a different portion of the internal surface of said other bearing of the connecting rod, and mechanism adapted to be selectively actuated by'said member and said second member for indicating both the degree of any lateral bend and the de- T6 gree of anytorsional twist ineither direction said connecting rodniay possess in the body thereof.

9. The combination as specified in claim 8, wherein said member and said second member are 1 adapted to engage the internal surface of said other bearing at locations approximately 90 apart;

10; A device of the character described, comprising means for locating a connecting rod by reference to a wrist pin in the Wrist pin bearing thereof, means arranged in predetermined relation to said wrist pin and adapted to be selectively brought into engagement with a portion of the internal surface of the main bearing of said connecting rod, and mechanism actuated by said last mentioned means for indicating the degree of accuracy possessed by said connecting rod and its bearings.

11 A device of the character described, comprising spaced apart, upstanding arms for supporting a connecting rod upon its wrist pin with said wrist pin resting upon said arms at locations adjacent the opposite ends of the wrist pin bearing, means for supporting said arms, means ar-- ranged in predetermined relation to said means for supporting said upstanding arms adapted to be brought into engagement with the internal surface of the main bearing of said connecting rod, and mechanism in predetermined relation to and actuated by said last mentioned means for indicating the degree of accuracy possessed by said connecting rod and its bearings.

12. A device of the character described, comprising spaced apart, upstanding arms for supporting a connecting rod upon its wrist pin with said wrist pin resting'upon said arms at loca tions adjacent the opposite ends of the wrist pin bearing and between said wrist pin bearing and a piston in which said wrist .pin is mounted,

means for supporting said arms, a movable member arranged in predetermined relation to said means for supporting said upstanding arms adapted to be brought into engagement with the internal surface of the main bearing of said connecting rod, and mechanism in predetermined relation to and actuated by said movable member for indicating the degree of accuracy possessed by said connecting rod and its bearings;

13. A device of the character described, comprising means forlocating a connecting rod by reference to one of its bearings, a member adapted to lie in the other bearing of said connecting rod and including pivotally supported elements arranged in angular relation to each other and longitudinally of said other bearing, said pivotally supported elements being adapted to be selectively brought into engagement with the internal surface of said other bearing, and mechanism actuated by each of said elements for indicating in the device both the amount of any lateral bend .and the degree of any twist in either direction said connecting rod may possess along the body thereof.

14. A device of the character described, comprising spaced apart, upstanding arms for supporting a connecting rod upon its wrist pin with said wrist pin resting upp said arms at locations adjacent the opposit 'gends of the Wrist pin bearing, means for supporting said arms, a member arranged in predetermined relation to said means for supporting said upstanding arms adapted to lie in the main bearing of said connecting rod and including pivotally supported elebody thereof. l0.

15. In a device ofthe character described, a hollow base including a slot at its forward portion and a calibrated surface adjacent said slot, a hollow member extending upwardly from said base in spaced relation to said slot, a vertically 15.

swingable hollow armv mounted upon said hollow member, a contact element carrying member upon said hollow arm, a pair of contact elements pivotally supported upon said carrying member,

a pair of pivoted pieces, including a pivoted piece 29* engaged with each of said contact elements, a lever mounted in said hollow arm at location intermediate its length, adjusting screws carried by one leg of said lever, each of said pivoted pieces having engagement with one of said adjusting screws, a rod slidably mounted in said hollow member and said hollow arm and arranged axial-i ly of said arm, the other leg of said lever having engagement with one end of said rod, a second lever mounted in said hollow member at location 301 intermediate its length, the other end of said rod having engagement with a leg of said second lever, a vertically supported pin rotatably mounted in said hollow base, a pointer arm carried by said pin and extending through said slot, a lug 35.

upon said pointer arm at the side of said pin opposite said slot and engaged by the other leg of said second lever, a pointer on said pointer arm having reference to said calibrated surface, and a spring attached to said pointer arm. 40 7 16. In a device of the character described, a pair of wrist pin supporting members adjustable from and toward each other, said members 'in-. cluding upstanding knife edges of V-shape adapted to fit upon a wrist pin at the opposite ends of a wrist pin bearing and between said bearing and a piston carried by said wrist pin, and means for locating said wrist pin supporting members in desired relation to each other.

1'7.A device of thecharacter described, comprising means for locating a connecting rod by reference to one of its bearings, means adapted to be selectively brought into engagement with different portions of the internal surface of the other bearing of said connecting rod, and mechanism actuated by said means when engaged with said internal surface for indicating the degree of accuracy possessed by said connecting rod and its bearings.

18. A device of the character described, come prising means for locating a connecting rod by reference to'one of its bearings, means arranged in predetermined relation to said first mentioned means adapted to be brought into selective en- M gagement with a portion only of the annular, internal surface of the other bearing of said connecting rod, and mechanism arranged in predetermined relation to and actuated by said last mentioned means for indicating the degree of accuracy possessed by said connecting rod and its bearings.

EWALD A. ARP. 

